Activity 3: Common Molecules, Structures and Names

1. Post a picture of three 3-dimensional Ball and Stick molecular models (choose your three favorite molecules) that you have created with common items around your home. Also post a molecular structure image (image from the web, of either a Kekule Structure or a Ball and Stick Model) and the IUPACA name of the molecule.

 

Ammonia

 

Carbon Dioxide

 







 Water



2. Post an image from the web, the chemical systematic (IUPAC) name, common, name, and the molecule formula for 20 chemicals that you use or eat. Explore the ingredients of things like cosmetics and foods.

1. Baking soda: Sodium Bicarbonate: NaHCO3
   
2. Chalk: Calcium Carbonate: CaCO3
   
   
   
3. Bleach: Sodium Hypochlorite: NaOC1  
   
4. Shampoo: Ammonium Chloride: NH4C1
   
5.  Aspirin: Acetylsalicylic Acid: C9H804
   
   
   
6.   Sugar: Sucrose: C12H22O11
    
   
   
   
7. Propane Gas: Propane: C3H8
   
8. Toothpaste: Sodium Fluoride: NaF
   
9. Aluminum Foil: Aluminum: Al
   
10.  Salt: Sodium Chloride: NaCl
    
11. Hydrogen Peroxide: Peroxide: H2O2
    
12. Antifreeze/Coolant: Ethylene glycol: HOCH2CH2OH
    
13. Water: Water Oxidane: H20
    
14. Nail Polish Remover: Acetone: CH3COCH3
    
15. Battery Acid: Sulphuric Acid: H2SO4
    
16. Fruit Sugar: Fructose: C6H12O6
    
17. Laundry Detergent: Sodium Tetraborate Dechydrate: Na2[B4O5(OH)4] 8H2O
    
18. Windex: Ammonia: NH3
    
19. Lighter Fluid: Butane: C4H10
    
20. Sunscreen: Avobenzone: C20H22O3
    



 

3. Look over your molecules and the bonding characteristics, how many bonds does each of the following elements typically have? Carbon? Hydrogen? Oxygen?

Carbon: 4

Hydrogen: 1

Oxygen: 2

 

4. What does IUPAC stand for?

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

5. As you explore ingredients, notice how everything around us is made up of chemicals consisting of atoms bound together into molecules. But what about companies that claim their products are chemical free! How can this be?
Companies will say that they are chemical free, but they are not free of harmful chemicals. Many products do contain harmful chemicals but may say they are chemical free. This happens a lot since a "Green Movement" has been going through the last couple of years with going green and not harming the environment. When a product does say that they are chemical free, green, or eco friendly and then lies about this is called Greenwashing. Laws and regulations have been coming about including what products labels can and cannot say.